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Data Engineering Path  ·  PySpark

Introduction: RDD Bottlenecks & DataFrames

Level Intermediate to Advanced
Estimated Time ~2.5 Hours
Curriculum 6 Lessons
Course Mission

"Explore RDD architectural bottlenecks (black-box data structures, Py4J serialization, GC bloat) and master Spark SQL DataFrames powered by the Catalyst Optimizer and Project Tungsten."


What You'll Master

RDD Bottlenecks

Why opaque objects, lack of predicate pushdown, & Py4J serialization slow down RDDs.

DataFrame API

Structured columns, schema enforcement, & declarative SQL DSL operations.

Catalyst Optimizer

Analysis, logical optimization, physical planning, & whole-stage code generation.

Project Tungsten

Off-heap memory management, cache-aware data structures, & zero-GC execution.


Learning Path & Course Syllabus

4-stage query compilation: Unresolved Logical Plan → Optimized Logical Plan → Physical Plans → RDD Code Generation.

Comparing Python RDD execution vs PySpark DataFrame `groupBy()` aggregations on a real dataset.

Tracing PySpark DataFrame transformations and verifying query plan output using `.explain(True)`.

FAANG-style questions covering Catalyst optimization rules, Tungsten binary format, and DataFrame vs Dataset trade-offs.


What's Included in This Module

Dimension RDD DataFrame
Data Structure Unstructured Objects (Black Box) Structured Named Columns & Schema
Optimization Engine None (Manual Developer Optimization) Catalyst Optimizer & Project Tungsten
PySpark Performance Slow (Py4J & Pickle Serialization) Identical to Scala (Native Bytecode)
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